Improvement in the manufacture of shovels



141): 2 Sheets-Sides! 1.

C. ELLIS & 0. AMES,2d. Improvement in the Manufacture of.Shovels; No,122,881. "PatentedJan.23f,1872.

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' Improvement in the Manufacture of Shovels.

No, 122,881, Patented'lan.23,1872.,

1111],! III UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ELLIS, OF CANTON, AND OLIVER AMES, 2]), OF NORTH EASTON,MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOVELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 122,881, dated January23, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OHARLns ELLIs, of Canton, Norfolk county, andOLIVER AMIES, 2d, of North Easton, Bristol county, all in the State ofMassachusetts, have invented an I111 proved Machine for Rolling theEdges of Straps into Shovel-Handles and we do hereby declare that thefollowing, taken in connection with the drawing which accompanies andforms part of this specification, is a description of our inventionsuflicient to enable those skilled in the art to practice it.

Our invention relates to a method of rolling or pressing shovel-strapsupon the handles of shovels in such manner that the edges of the strapsare driven into or embedded in the wood,

leaving no projecting edges or shoulders at the sides of the straps.

Prior to our invention shovel-straps have been. pressed down to thesurfaces of the handles to which they were riveted by rolls, and theedges have then been driven into the wood with hand-hammers, the workbeing always imperfectly done, and being a lengthy, laborious, andexpensive operation.

In our invention we press the strap into the wood (at its edges) bymeans of a pair of dierolls or rolls having peripheral grooves, thesurfaces of which grooves, biting upon the straps properly presented fortheir grasp, are so formed as to feed the handles and straps betweenthem as they rotate, and to press each strap at its edges into thehandle, and embed it at its edges, our invention consisting in thegeneral organization of mechanism by which this is effected and in someof the details of construction and arrangement of such mechanism.

The drawing represents a machine embodying our organization ofmechanism. A shows the machine in front elevation. B is an end elevationthereof. 0 is a vertical cross-section on the line a; m. D is a verticalcentral section, showing the shafts and gears in elevation. E is asectional elevation, showing the position of the parts ready forreception of the handle. F and Gr show the form and position of thestraps prior to rolling them down. H, I, and J show the handle with thestraps rolled down against it and embedded at their edges into it. K isa section of the rolls at the die-grooves,

views.

(1. denotes a suitable bed-plate upon which two housing-stands, b c, aresupported, these housings carrying boxes 01 d e e, in which arejournaled the shafts fg of two rolls, h i, the shafts f g beingconnected to gears L m. Each roll has on one side a segmentalprojection, 0 or p, in the periphery of which is a groove, q or a", andas the rolls rotate the'ends of these grooves first come together andmatch, as seen at A, the two grooves keeping together or moving atthesame speed. The form of the grooves at their initial ends corresponds tothe form in section of the handle and straps at the blade when thestraps are bent to the surface of the handle and embedded therein attheir edges, and every section of the grooves, where they meet, inrotation similarly corresponds to the section of the handle andhandle-embedded straps at the same point, so that if the blade is sopresented that the shoulders on the rolls strike its edge (the strapsbeing in the plane of the roller-grooves) the dies as they rotate willpass upon the straps and force them into the handle at their edges. Fora rest for the blade in presenting it, and to bring the straps intoproper position for the action of the rollergrooves, we employguide-bars z 2, one on each side of the lower segment, each guide-barhaving a gauge or shoulder, s, the blade being laid upon the rear endsit of the bars, (the ends of the blade on each side of the strap againstthe adjacent shoulder 8,) the handle extending through between the rollsand being held by the operator. As the bending-rolls strike the flatstraps-the position of which with respect to the handle is shown at lj-they bend the flat metal down to and snugly against the handle, andwhen the rolls h '5 pass upon the straps they press the metal at eachedge into the handie, so that the surface of each strap at each edge andthe adjacent surface of the handle are flush; and if the handles andstraps are of uniform size and the metal for straps of uniform thicknesssolid rolls may be employed with shafts rotating in stationary hearingsor with no yield of one groove relatively to the other, or of one partor half of either groove relatively to the other part or half, whichconstruction would embrace our invention in its simplest form. Thestraps and handles do generally differ, and so does the thickness of thestrap metal, and for this reason we prefer to employ sectional rolls thesections of which are held together by strong springs; and we alsoprefer to employ a yieldingroll, held against or toward the other rollby a strong spring, the stress of the section springs and the stress ofthe lower roll-springs being such as to permit yield only when opposedby the solid thickness of wood and iron, the stress of the springs beingsuflicient to cause the respective rolls and therespective parts of eachroll to perform their work, forcing or embedding the straps into thewood. The provisions for yielding are as follows: The boxes of the upperroll are-stationary, but those of the lower roll slide in their housingsand are supported on rolls fit at the sides of a lever-frame, c,fulcrumed or'pivoted at w, and having under its front cross orconnecting bar a: a stout s )ring, y, which spring yields and enablesthe roll to yield (as and only as compelled to do so) by the entranceinto the roller-grooves of the solid strap and Wood after the strap hasbeen bent to and driven into the wood. Each roll is made in two parts orsections, a? W, splined to the shaft, as seen at 0 so as to be capableof end'movement upon the shaft, but rotating with it, half of the grooveof each roll being in one part,

a and the other half in the other part- 11 as seen at A and 0. At theouter end :of each part or section a b is a spring, 61 which ispreferably a solid caoutchouc ring, and the two springs of each shaftare held rip-against the respective sections a? D and hold the sectionsnormally together by flanged collars 6 f, the flanges of which encompassthe springs, the stress of the springs against the roller sections beingincreased by turning the collars up orback, each collar beingnut-threaded and turning in a corresponding screw-thread, g formed onthe shaft, and each having a nutthreaded gib, k which, by means of asetscrew, i is forced against the screw to fix the collar upon theshaft. The stress ofthe springs is always sufficient to force the strapsinto the wood, but enables the parts a b to yield if strap metal exceedsa normal thickness or the handle is of a diameter exceeding a normaldiameter. To permit the guide-bars z z to drop for thei'ree passage ofthe shovel-blade through the rolls, to bring it to position on theguides for the action of the rolls, each guide-bar is fastened upon thetop of a rod, 70 extending down through a vertical tubular stand, Z, thetwo rods being connected at their lower ends by a connecting-bar, m towhich a treadlelever, n is jointed, pressure of the foot of the operatorupon the front of the treadle-lever depressing the guides, and theybeing thrown up by the stress of a suitable spring, 0', when the treadleis released.

The straps might be pressed into or embedded in the handle one at a timeby one roll, but the two rolls simultaneously operating upon both strapsare obviously preferable. .And the devices for permitting yield of therolls and the roll sections, and for bringing the guides into positionand enabling them to be depressed for the entrance of the shovel-blade,may, of course, be more or less varied. -We have found, however, thatthe specific construction shown is well adapted for its purpose.

We claim- 1. The improvement in the art of applying shovel-straps tohandles, consisting in embedding the edges of the straps in the wood byrolling, substantially as described.

2. The strap-bending and embedding-rolls h 6, each divided through thecenter of the groove into the two parts a b held together normally bysuitable springs, substantially as shown and described.

3. In combination with each roller, the annular spring d and flangedspring-encompassing and springholding collars c f substantially as shownand described.

4. In combination with the guide-bars, the rods k vertical stands 1raised by springs and the treadle-lever n substantially as described.

5. In combination with the roll i, the sliding .boxes 0, lever-frame o,and spring 1 substan' tially as described.

CHARLES ELLIS. OLIVER AMES, 2D.

Witnesses:

F. M. Arms, EDW. It. EAGER, GEO. W. KENNEDY, E. GILMORE.

